Publications of Richard Baldwin I

Note: The following printer, bookseller, or publisher lists are works in progress. They are generated from title page imprints and may reproduce false and misleading attributions or contain errors.

What does "printed by" mean? How to read the roles ascribed to people in the imprints.

In terms of the book trades, the lists below are sorted into up to four groups where: the person is designated in the imprint as having a single role:

  1. "printed by x"; or
  2. "sold by x"; or
  3. "printed for x" or "published by x";

or as having multiple roles in combination (which suggests a likelihood that the person is a trade publisher):

  1. "printed and sold by x"; "printed for and sold by x"; or "printed by and for x" and so on.

Printers (owners of the type and printing presses, and possibly owners of the copyright) may be identified by the words printed by, but printed by does not universally designate a person who is a printer by trade. Booksellers may be identified by the words sold by, but sold by encompasses a number of roles. Booksellers or individuals who owned the copyright are generally identified by the words printed for, but nothing should be concluded in this regard without further evidence, especially since "printed for" could signify that the named person was a distributor rather than a copyright holder. Trade publishers, who distributed books and pamphlets but did not own the copyright or employ a printer—and were not printers themselves—might be identified by the words printed and sold by. Furthermore, works from this period often display false imprints, whether to evade copyright restrictions, to conceal the name of the copyright holders, or to dupe unwitting customers. Ultimately, one must proceed with caution in using the following lists: designations in the imprints may not reliably reflect the actual trades or roles of the people named, and the formulas used in imprints do not consistently mean the same thing.

David Foxon discussed the "meaning of the imprint" in his Lyell Lecture delivered at Oxford in March 1976, with particular attention to "publishers" in the eighteenth-century context:

The fullest form of an imprint is one which names three people, or groups of people:
     London: printed by X (the printer), for Y (the bookseller who owned the copyright), and sold by Z.
In the eighteenth century the printer's name is rarely given, at least in works printed in London, and the form is more commonly:
     London: printed for Y, and sold by Z.
Very often in this period, and particularly for pamphlets, it is further abbreviated to:
     London: printed and sold by Z.
It is this last form which is my present concern. Z is usually what the eighteenth century called 'a publisher', or one who distributes books and pamphlets without having any other responsibility—he does not own the copyright or employ a printer, or even know the author.

D. F. McKenzie coined the term "trade publisher" for these publishers in his Sandars Lectures, also in 1976, on the grounds that their principal role was to publish on behalf of other members of the book trade (Treadwell 100).

Michael Treadwell cautions that "In this period the imprint 'London: Printed and sold by A.B.' normally means 'Printed at London, and sold by A.B.' and must not be taken to mean that A.B. is a printer in the absence of other evidence." Further, "The imprint 'published by' occurs only rarely in Wing and is almost always associated with the name of a trade publisher" (104). While there are exceptions to the rule, it is "certain," he explains, "that anyone who made a speciality of distributing works for others will show a far higher proportion than normal of imprints in one of the 'sold by' forms" (116), which appear in the imprint as "sold by," "printed and sold by," or "published by" (104). Treadwell gives Walter Kettilby as an example of "a fairly typical copyright-owning bookseller" (106)—his role is almost always designated by the phrase "printed for" on imprints.

A final caution: publisher is a word that should be used with some deliberation. Samuel Johnson defines it simply as "One who puts out a book into the world," but "published by" rarely appears on the imprint until later in the eighteenth century, and then primarily associated with newspapers and pamphlets. Treadwell observes that John Dunton names only five publishers among the 200 binders and booksellers in his autobiographical Life and Errors (1705) wherein he undertakes "to draw the Character of the most Eminent [Stationers] in the Three Kingdoms" (100). Treadwell also remarks, however, that "in law, anyone who offered a work for sale 'published' it. In this sense every work had one or more 'publishers', and every bookseller, mercury, and hawker was a 'publisher'" (114).

See:

  • Terry Belanger, "From Bookseller to Publisher: Changes in the London Book Trade, 1750–1850," in Book Selling and Book Buying. Aspects of the Nineteenth-Century British and North American Book Trade, ed. Richard G. Landon (Chicago: American Library Association, 1978).
  • Bricker, Andrew Benjamin. "Who was 'A. Moore'? The Attribution of Eighteenth-Century Publications with False and Misleading Imprints," in The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America 110.2 (2016).
  • John Dunton, The Life and Errors of John Dunton (London: Printed for S. Malthus, 1705).
  • John Feather, "The Commerce of Letters: The Study of the Eighteenth-Century Book Trade," Eighteenth-Century Studies 17 (1984).
  • David Foxon, Pope and the Early Eighteenth-Century Book Trade, ed. James McLaverty (Oxford University Press, 1991).
  • Samuel Johnson, Dictionary of the English Language, (printed for J. and P. Knapton; T. and T. Longman; C. Hitch and L. Hawes; A. Millar; and R. and J. Dodsley, 1755).
  • D.F. McKenzie, The London Book Trade in the Later Seventeenth Century (Sandars lectures in bibliography, 1977).
  • Michael Treadwell, "London Trade Publishers 1675–1750," The Library sixth series, vol. 4, no. 2 (1982).

Sold by Richard Baldwin I

  • Jones, D. The secret history of White-Hall, from the restoration of Charles II. down to the abdication of the late K. James. Writ at the request of a noble lord, and conveyed to him in letters, by - late secretary-interpreter to the Marquess of Louvois, who by that means had the perusal of all the private minutes between England and France for many years. The whole consisting of secret memoirs, which have hitherto lain conceal'd, as not being discoverable by any other hand. Publish'd from the original papers. By D. Jones, Gent. London: printed, and are to be sold by R. Baldwin near the Oxford-Arms Inn in Warwick-Lane, MDCXCVII. [1697]. ESTC No. R17242. Grub Street ID 66297.

Printed for Richard Baldwin I

  • Treby, George. Truth vindicated: or A detection of the aspersions and scandals cast upon Sir Robert Clayton and Sir George Treby, Justices; and Slingsby Bethell and Henry Cornish Esquires, sheriffs, of the City of London, in a paper published in the name of Dr. Francis Hawkins minister o the Tower, intituled, The confession of Edward Fitz-Harris, Esq; &c. The coppy of which paper is herewith printed, for the readers clearer judgment in the case. London: printed for Rich. Baldwin, 1681. ESTC No. R11729. Grub Street ID 59986.
  • Mercurius anglicus. London [England]: printed for Richard Baldwin in the Old Baily, 1681. ESTC No. P1594. Grub Street ID 55385.
  • Mather, Increase. A narrative of the miseries of New-England, by reason of an arbitrary government erected there. [London: printed for Richard Baldwin?, 1688]. ESTC No. R2832. Grub Street ID 111401.
  • A true relation or journal of the siege and taking by storm, the famous city of Belgrade, by the Christian army, under the conduct of the victorious elector of Bavaria. On the 6th. day of September. 1688. With an account of its scituation, fortifications, &c. and also of the great victory gained by Prince Lovis of Baden, over the Turkish army, commanded by the Bassa of Bosnia. London: printed for Richard Baldwin; and are to be sold by most booksellers, 1688. ESTC No. R42945. Grub Street ID 124088.
  • The solemn oath which the kings of Scotland are to take, by virtue of an act of Parliament made in the first Parliament of King James the VIth, at the time of their coronation, and receipt of their princely authority. Anno 1567. London: printed for Ric. Baldwin in the Old-Bailey, MDCLXXXIX. [1689]. ESTC No. R13453. Grub Street ID 61554.
  • Mather, Increase. A brief relation of the state of New England, from the beginning of that plantation to this present year, 1689. In a letter to a person of quality. Licenced, July 30th. 1689. London: printed for Richard Baldwine, near the Black Bull in the Old-Baily, 1689. ESTC No. R3614. Grub Street ID 118464.
  • An account of the present state Ireland is in, under King James: and the deplorable condition of the protestants. Licens'd, February 21. 1690. London: printed for R[ichard]. Baldwin in the Old Bailey, 1690. ESTC No. R170044. Grub Street ID 64833.
  • An antidote against pretended caution, to the inhabitants in every ward, in the choice of their Common-council. London: printed for R[ichard] Baldwin, 1690. ESTC No. R215717. Grub Street ID 90691.
  • An address given in to the late King James, by the titular Archbishop of Dublin: from the general meeting of the Romish bishops and clergy of Ireland, held in May last, by that king's order. Wherein several things relating to the Popish designs upon these three kingdoms, ar discovered. The original whereof was found in the late King James's closet, in the Castle of Dublin, at his leaving that city: and the copy whereof was found in the titular Archbishop's lodgings. Now publish'd with reflections on each paragraph. London: printed for Ric. Baldwin, in the Old Baily, 1690. ESTC No. R216298. Grub Street ID 91219.
  • A hue and crye after passive-obedience, and non-resistance. Being a true character of a de-facto-man. Licensed according to order. August 15th. 1690. [London]: [printed for R. Baldwin], [1690]. ESTC No. R213493. Grub Street ID 88938.
  • Advice to the citizens of London, concerning their ensuing choice of a mayor, sheriffs, and chamberlain. London : printed for R. Baldwin, 1690. ESTC No. R18416. Grub Street ID 73848.
  • Schomberg, Friedrich Hermann Schomberg. A proclamation by Frederick Duke of Schonberg, Lord General of all Their Majesties forces, &c. London: printed for Rich. Baldwin in the Old-Baily, 1690. ESTC No. R225331. Grub Street ID 98530.
  • Post Boy. London: printed for R[ichard]. Baldwin near the Oxford Arms in Warwick Lane, 1695-1728. ESTC No. P1931. Grub Street ID 359202.
  • A letter to George Keith, concerning his late religious differences with William Pen and his party. By a moderate churchman. [[London]: Printed for R. Baldwin: 1696]. ESTC No. R231899. Grub Street ID 103823.

Printed by and for, or by/for and sold by Richard Baldwin I

  • A true relation of the manner of the deposing of King Edward II. Together with the articles which were exhibited against him in Parliament. As also, an exact account of the proceedings and articles against King Richard II: and the manner of his deposition and resignation according to the Parliament-Roll it self, where they are recorded at large. London: printed, and are to be sold by Richard Baldwin, near the Black Bull in the Old Bayley, 1689. ESTC No. R13058. Grub Street ID 61187.
  • Person of quality.. The late revolution: or, The happy change. A tragi-comedy, as it was acted throughout the English dominions in the year 1688. Written by a Person of quality. London: printed, and are to be sold by Richard Baldwin in the Old-Baily, 1690. ESTC No. R1127. Grub Street ID 59572.
  • An account of the affairs of Scotland, in relation to their religious and civil rights. London: printed, and are to be sold by Rich. Baldwin in the great Old Baily, near the Black Bull, 1690. ESTC No. R11870. Grub Street ID 60105.
  • Gailhard, (Jean). J. Some observations upon the keeping the thirtieth of January, and twenty ninth of May. By J.G.G. London: printed, and are to be sold by Ric. Baldwin, at the Oxford-Arms in Warwick-lane, 1694. ESTC No. R17606. Grub Street ID 68726.
  • Settle, Elkanah. Augusta lachrymans: a funeral tear, to the memory of the worth and honour'd Michael Godfrey, Esq; late Deputy-Governour of the Royal Bank of England: unfortunately slain by a cannon ball, near His Majesty's Person, in the trenches, at the siege of Namure. By E. Settle. London: printed, and are to be sold by Rich. Baldwin, near the Oxford-Arms-Inn, in Warwick-Lane, 1695. ESTC No. R226954. Grub Street ID 99859.
  • C., R.. Salvation laid on its right foundation: or, The free grace of God prov'd to be the only ground of, and to have the alone stroke in, the matter of our salvation. Being the sum of two sermons, preach'd to a country auditory. By an admirer of grace, and the freeness of it. London: printed, and are to be sold by R[ichard]. Baldwin at the Oxford Arms in Warwick-lane, 1698. ESTC No. R34781. Grub Street ID 117290.